Early 20th century Sydney and London painter, cartoonist, war artist and teacher. He was an inaugural council member of the Sydney Society of Artists in 1895 and - after the merger (1902-07) - of the Royal Art Society of NSW.
1877 according to Greenwall; 1878 according to Christie's Australia. His date of birth (21st August 1873) is confirmed by his attestation form completed by him on joining the AIF in 1917.